The anti-inflammatory effects of quercetin are mainly reflected in the following aspects:
1. Inhibit the production of inflammatory mediators: Quercetin can inhibit the production of inflammatory mediators such as tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), interleukin 6 (IL-6), etc., and reduce inflammatory reactions.
2. Reduce the level of reactive oxygen species (ROS): Quercetin can reduce the generation of reactive oxygen species and reduce the damage to cells caused by oxidative stress.
3. Inhibit cyclooxygenase (COX) activity: Quercetin has an inhibitory effect on COX-1 and COX-2. among which the inhibitory effect on COX-2 is more significant, showing selective inhibitory properties.
4. Regulate immune cell function: Quercetin can promote the proliferation of mouse spleen lymphocytes, inhibit the excessive response of T cells and B cells, and reduce the secretion of inflammatory factors.
5. Regulation of anti-inflammatory signaling pathways: Quercetin exerts its anti-inflammatory effects by affecting signaling pathways such as NF-κB and NLRP3 inflammasome.
6. Protect cells from inflammatory damage: Quercetin can protect cells, reduce cell damage caused by inflammatory factors, and maintain cell function.